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Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) are multipotent cells that can be isolated from various adult and perinatal (“perinatal” = birth-associated) tissues. They have excellent self-renewal potential and ability to differentiate into various specialized cell types (e.g. bone, cartilage, fat … etc)
MSC are also able to release bioactive molecules (growth factors, cytokines, exosomes and other signaling molecules) that affects neighboring cells reducing inflammation, delay cell aging, and activate rare stem cells found scattered throughout the body. Signaling effect by MSC secretions also plays an important role in modulating unhealthy immune responses and enhancing tissue repair.
MSC is identified by a set of markers and cell characteristics that has been proposed in 2006 by the International Society for Cellular Therapy. These so-called minimal criteria of MSC are still widely accepted today and include (i) the ability to self-renew, (ii) multipotency with osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic potentials, and (iii) expression of a characteristic set of surface markers, such as cluster of differentiation (CD)73, CD90, and CD105, while lacking expression of CD14, CD34, CD45, and human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR). MSC should show plastic-adherent growth and able to expand in vitro over several passages.
For more information about MSC and their therapeutic potential, please visit our Blog (link)
[1] Exosomes derived from human mesenchymal stem cells stimulates rejuvenation of human skin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2017 Nov 18;493(2):1102-1108
[2] Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in decompensated liver cirrhosis: a long-term follow-up analysis of the randomized controlled clinical trial. Hepatol Int. 2021 Dec;15(6):1431-1441.
[3] Transplanting Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treatment of Ischemic Stroke. Cell Transplant. 2018 Dec;27(12):1825-1834.
[4] Immunomodulatory Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Potential Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 2;23(17):10023.
[5] Clinical Efficacy and Safety of the Intra-articular Injection of MSC for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Am J Sports Med. 2023 Jul;51(9):2243-2253.
[6] Mesenchymal stem cells modulate lung injury. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2010 May;7(2):130-3.
[7] Mesenchymal stem cells in kidney inflammation and repair. Nephrology (Carlton). 2012 Jan;17(1):1-10.
[8] Mesenchymal stem cells’ homing and cardiac tissue repair. Acta Biochim Pol. 2019 Dec 13;66(4):483-489.
Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells for knee osteoarthritis
Stage Of Development
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease seen in the elderly population. OA is caused by cell aging, breakdown of joint tissue by inflammation and physical damages due to regressive structural changes in the joint.
Intra-articular injections of mesenchymal stem cells has shown to be safe and effective for the treatment of OA due to the regeneration of cartilage cells and alleviating joint pain and stiffness.
Stemigen possesses proprietary manufacturing expertise for isolation and expansion of MSCs from bone marrow aspirate.
Umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells – isolation, expansion and cryostorage
Stage Of Development
Stemigen has many years of experience in large scale isolation and expansion of MSCs from umbilical cord. In collaboration with KK Hospital, we have established a system of clinical workflows in the hospital and quality controlled manufacturing protocols in the lab to isolate, expansion and cryostore high quality MSCs.
MSC regenerate the human body in 2 ways:
Mechanism #1： Secretion of a complex repertoire of healing and anti-inflammation factors into bloodstream and circulate throughout the entire body, exerting anti-aging effects directly on your cells and indirectly by stimulating your own stem cells everywhere in your body.
Mechanism #2：MSC can self navigate towards damaged sites in your body and replace damaged cells by differentiating into type of cell required for replacement.
MSC Therapy (Anti-Aging) involves infusion of MSCs and using the blood distribution to circulate MSCs and their secretions throughout the body, awakening your own dormant stem cells, enhance cell to cell communications, improve cell activity, delay cell death and reduce inflammation.
MSC Therapy (Osteoarthritis) involves intra-articular injection of MSCs to confine the MSCs within the knee cap
MSC secretions reduce pain and inflammation, and trigger repair of the cartilage cells. MSC can convert themselves into cartilage cells, reversing the age of the knee, making it younger.
Age reversal of knee joint
MSCs can be obtained by puncturing the bone and sucking out the bone marrow, which contains some MSCs. But the procedure can be painful and quantity is quite limited. MSCs can also be obtained by liposuction from fat tissues. Although large quantities of fats are extracted, only a small fraction contains MSCs. Liposuction is a surgery that requires anesthesia (relatively risky and requires post-surgery recovery time).
While using MSCs extracted from your own body is an attractive idea, the extraction procedures can create discomfort and inconvenience. Moreover, MSCs derived from either bone marrow or fat tissues require young donors to achieve sufficient potency and quantity. Using your own MSCs when you are above certain age may not lead to expected benefits
Umbilical cord is a rich source of MSCs and generated as a medical waste and can be ethically obtained. Umbilical cord samples is obtained without any risk or pain to both the mother and baby.
MSCs obtained from umbilical cord is also the youngest (Age 0) and hence the most potent. MSCs obtained from adult bone marrow and fat tissue are older and hence less potent.
